Taxonomic list T3F, primary language: LA, subsidiary: EN, interface: EN, work in progress

segmentum neuraxis

List navigation
Home page Home page of the taxonomy
Top level pars principalis organi Short Extended
Level 2 segmentum organi Short Extended
Current level segmentum neuraxis Short
Subsidiary language with Latin
Non Latin primary language
Ancestors
Taxonomic list
FMAID TA UID
Short official Latin term
Short English equivalent
256237 19587
segmentum neuraxis
segment of neuraxis
50801 5257 part
encephalon
encephalon
55676 19588
segmentum systematis nervosi centralis
segment of central nervous system
61815 19589
principal segment of encephalon
61992 5262 part
prosencephalon
prosencephalon
61993 5261 part
mesencephalon
mesencephalon ; midbrain
67687 5258 part
rhombencephalon
rhombencephalon
61996 19590
segmentum prosencephali
segment of prosencephalon
62000 5264 part
telencephalon ; cerebrum
telencephalon ; cerebrum
62374 19593
segmentum telencephali
segment of telencephalon
61820 18769
segmentum hemispherii cerebri
segment of cerebral hemisphere
5982 part
facies superolateralis hemispherii cerebri
superolateral surface of cerebral hemisphere
6037 part
facies inferomedialis hemispherii cerebri
inferomedial surface of cerebral hemisphere
83874 5973 part
gyrus cerebri T4 214 children
cerebral gyrus
274528 11516
gyrus lobi limbici
gyrus of limbic lobe
275048 8717 part
gyrus limbicus
limbic gyrus ; outer ring of limbic lobe
62434 6067 part
gyrus cingularis
cingulate gyrus ; gyrus of girdle
61918 6070 part
gyrus parahippocampalis
parahippocampal gyrus
8734 part
gyrus ambiens
ambient gyrus
8736 part
gyrus semilunaris
semilunar gyrus
8737 part
gyrus uncinatus
uncinate gyrus
275054 8739 part
gyrus intralimbicus
intralimbic gyrus ; uncal apex
8738 part
limbus fasciae dentatae
limbus of dentate gyrus
74038 8721 part
formatio hippocampi
hippocampal formation ; inner ring of limbic lobe
61922 6073 part
gyrus dentatus ; fascia dentata
dentate gyrus ; dentate fascia
61921 6069 part
gyrus fasciolaris
fasciolar gyrus
277772 18307
segmentum formationis hippocampi
segment of hippocampal formation
277774 8722 part
pars precommissuralis hippocampi
precommissural part of hippocampus
8723 part
pars supracommissuralis hippocampi
supracommissural part of hippocampus
62488 6082 part
indusium griseum
indusium griseum
62439 6083 part
stria longitudinalis lateralis
lateral longitudinal stria
67956 6084 part
stria longitudinalis medialis
medial longitudinal stria
277777 8724 part
hippocampus proprius ; pars retrocommissuralis hippocampi
proper hippocampus ; retrocommissural part of hippocampus
12253 part
divisio hippocampi proprii
subdivision of proper hippocampus
274516 11497
gyrus lobi frontalis
gyrus of frontal lobe
274406 11028 part
area frontopolaris
frontopolar area
274408 11029 part
gyrus frontopolaris superior
superior frontopolar gyrus
274420 11032 part
gyrus frontopolaris medius
middle frontopolar gyrus
274414 11034 part
gyrus frontopolaris inferior
inferior frontopolar gyrus
61860 5994 part
gyrus frontalis inferior
frontal inferior gyrus
273103 5999 part
gyrus frontalis medius
frontal middle gyrus
61857 6002 part
gyrus frontalis superior
frontal superior gyrus
61894 6000 part
gyrus precentralis
precentral gyrus
274504 11035 part
gyrus frontomarginalis lobi frontalis
frontomarginal gyrus of frontal lobe
12159 part
gyrus paracingularis
paracingulate gyrus
61919 6048 part
gyrus paraterminalis
paraterminal gyrus
72019 6050 part
gyrus paraolfactorius
paraolfactory gyrus
256194 6052 part
gyrus orbitalis
orbital gyrus
62419 8675 part
gyrus orbitalis medialis
medial orbital gyrus
256196 8676 part
gyrus orbitalis anterior
anterior orbital gyrus
80184 8677 part
gyrus orbitalis posterior
posterior orbital gyrus
62418 8678 part
gyrus orbitalis lateralis
lateral orbital gyrus
12160 part
lobulus orbitalis posteromedialis
posteromedial orbital lobule
12161 part
regio orbitalis posterolateralis
posterolateral orbital region
61893 6054 part
gyrus rectus
rectus gyrus
274526 6031 part
gyrus insulae
insular gyrus
67555 6032 part
gyrus longus insulae
long gyrus of islet
274723 11498 part
gyrus longus anterior insulae
anterior long gyrus of islet
274729 11508 part
gyrus longus posterior insulae
posterior long gyrus of islet
61913 6033 part
gyrus brevis insulae
short gyrus of islet
274705 11509 part
gyrus brevis anterior insulae
anterior short gyrus of islet
274711 11510 part
gyrus brevis medius insulae
middle short gyrus of islet
274717 11511 part
gyrus brevis posterior insulae
posterior short gyrus of islet
12167 part
gyrus transversus insulae
transverse gyrus of islet
61915 11513 part
gyrus accessorius anterior insulae
anterior accessory gyrus of islet
75266 6036 part
limen insulae
limen of islet
274522 11500
gyrus lobi occipitalis
gyrus of occipital lobe
61901 8701 part
gyrus occipitalis superior
superior occipital gyrus
61902 8702 part
gyrus occipitalis medius
middle occipital gyrus
273129 8703 part
gyrus occipitalis inferior
inferior occipital gyrus
274557 8691 part
gyrus occipitalis descendens
descending occipital gyrus
61903 6060 part
cuneus
cuneus
61904 6062 part
gyrus lingualis ; gyrus occipitotemporalis medialis
lingual gyrus ; medial occipitotemporal gyrus
274520 11503
gyrus lobi parietalis
gyrus of parietal lobe
61896 6009 part
gyrus postcentralis
postcentral gyrus
61899 6011 part
lobulus parietalis superior
superior parietal lobule
77536 6006 part
lobulus parietalis inferior
inferior parietal lobule
61900 6059 part
precuneus
precuneus
274518 11507
gyrus lobi temporalis
gyrus of temporal lobe
61905 6019 part
gyrus temporalis superior
superior temporal gyrus
71043 8710 part
planum polare
polar plane
61908 6063 part
gyrus fusiformis ; gyrus occipitotemporalis lateralis
fusiform gyrus ; lateral occipitotemporal gyrus
71045 6024 part
planum temporale
temporal plane
61906 6027 part
gyrus temporalis medius
middle temporal gyrus
61907 6029 part
gyrus temporalis inferior
inferior temporal gyrus
273671 6021 part
gyrus temporalis transversus
transverse temporal gyrus
61909 6022 part
gyrus temporalis transversus anterior
anterior transverse temporal gyrus
61910 6023 part
gyrus temporalis transversus posterior
posterior transverse temporal gyrus
77538 6058 part
gyrus paracentralis posterior
posterior paracentral gyrus
12438 part
gyrus interlobaris
interlobar gyrus
12439 part
operculum insulare
insular operculum
274737 8666 part
gyrus subcentralis
subcentral gyrus
77534 6045 part
lobulus paracentralis
paracentral lobule
77537 6046 part
gyrus paracentralis anterior
anterior paracentral gyrus
61823 5974 part
lobus cerebri T4 18 children
cerebral lobe
61824 5991 part
lobus frontalis
frontal lobe
61826 6004 part
lobus parietalis
parietal lobe
67325 6013 part
lobus occipitalis
occipital lobe
61825 6017 part
lobus temporalis
temporal lobe
67329 6030 part
insula
islet ; insular lobe
72719 6066 part
lobus limbicus
limbic lobe
67957 11525
segmentum gyri cerebri T4 96 children
segment of cerebral gyrus
274569 11549
segmentum gyri lobi frontalis
segment of gyrus of frontal lobe
61979 12423
segmentum gyri frontalis inferioris
segment of frontal inferior gyrus
61982 5995 part
pars orbitalis gyri frontalis inferioris
orbital part of frontal inferior gyrus
61980 5996 part
pars triangularis gyri frontalis inferioris
triangular part of frontal inferior gyrus
61981 5997 part
pars opercularis gyri frontalis inferioris
opercular part of frontal inferior gyrus
70671 12424
segmentum gyri frontalis medii
segment of frontal middle gyrus
70672 12425
segmentum gyri frontalis superioris
segment of frontal superior gyrus
274573 12427
segmentum gyri lobi parietalis
segment of gyrus of parietal lobe
274530 12432
segmentum lobuli parietalis inferioris
segment of inferior parietal lobule
61898 6005 part
gyrus angularis
angular gyrus
61897 6012 part
gyrus supramarginalis lobi parietalis
supramarginal gyrus of parietal lobe
274579 12428
segmentum gyri lobi occipitalis
segment of gyrus of occipital lobe
274571 12429
segmentum gyri lobi temporalis
segment of gyrus of temporal lobe
70676 18303
segmentum gyri temporalis superioris
segment of superior temporal gyrus
70701 8706 part
pars anterior gyri temporalis superioris ; cortex auditorius secundarius
anterior part of superior temporal gyrus ; secondary auditory cortex ; belt area
70703 8708 part
pars posterior gyri temporalis superioris
posterior part of superior temporal gyrus
18304
segmentum gyri fusiformis
segment of fusiform gyrus
12164 part
pars medialis gyri fusiformis
medial part of fusiform gyrus
12165 part
pars lateralis gyri fusiformis
lateral part of fusiform gyrus
275026 12430
segmentum gyri lobi limbici
segment of gyrus of limbic lobe
62483 13277
segmentum gyri cingularis
segment of cingulate gyrus
61916 8718 part
pars anterior gyri cingularis
anterior cingulate cortex
276530 8720 part
pars media gyri cingularis
midcingulate cortex
61924 8726 part
pars posterior gyri cingularis
posterior cingulate cortex
62502 6068 part
isthmus gyri cingularis
isthmus of cingulate gyrus
62478 13279
segmentum gyri parahippocampalis
segment of parahippocampal gyrus
74884 6071 part
uncus
uncus
275028 13280
segmentum
segment of hippocampal formation
323277 6146 part
pes hippocampi
pes of hippocampus
6147 part
digitatio hippocampi
hippocampal digitation
275036 9275 part
caput hippocampi ; segmentum anterius hippocampi
head of hippocampus ; anterior segment
275030 9278 part
corpus hippocampi ; segmentum medium hippocampi
body of hippocampus ; middle segment of hippocampus
275042 9294 part
cauda hippocampi ; segmentum posterius hippocampi
tail of hippocampus ; posterior segment of hippocampus
275093 8757 part
fasciola cinerea
fasciola cinerea
74041 9295 part
regio hippocampi
hippocampal field
74042 6151 part
cornu ammonis 1
CA1 field
72044 6152 part
cornu ammonis 2
CA2 field
72045 6153 part
cornu ammonis 3
CA3 field
75741 6154 part
cornu ammonis ammonis
CA3h field
77604 6145 part
parasubiculum
parasubiculum
62486 6148 part
presubiculum
presubiculum
74414 6149 part
subiculum
subiculum
274575 12431
segmentum gyri insulae
segment of insular gyrus
273506 12436
segmentum lobuli paracentralis
segment of paracentral lobule
256204 12422
segmentum lobi cerebri
segment of cerebral lobe
274337 18293
segmentum lobi frontalis
segment of frontal lobe
274359 8658 part
facies superolateralis lobi frontalis
superolateral surface of frontal lobe
274366 9118 part
facies inferomedialis lobi frontalis
inferomedial surface of frontal lobe
8683 part
structura olfactoria
olfactory structure
61826 18296
segmentum lobi parietalis
segment of parietal lobe
8698 part
facies superolateralis lobi parietalis
superolateral surface of parietal lobe
9120 part
facies inferomedialis lobi parietalis
inferomedial surface of parietal lobe
67325 18297
segmentum lobi occipitalis
segment of occipital lobe
8700 part
facies superolateralis lobi occipitalis
superolateral surface of occipital lobe
9125 part
facies inferomedialis lobi occipitalis
inferomedial surface of occipital lobe
61825 18298
segmentum lobi temporalis
segment of temporal lobe
8705 part
facies superolateralis lobi temporalis
superolateral surface of temporal lobe
9129 part
facies inferomedialis lobi temporalis
inferomedial surface of temporal lobe
18305
segmentum insulae
segment of islet
9241 part
regio peripaleocorticalis claustralis
claustral peripaleocortical region
62001 5263 part
diencephalon
diencephalon
62005 19594
segmentum diencephali
segment of diencephalon
61817 5971 part
hemispherium cerebri
cerebral hemisphere
61997 19591
segment of mesencephalon
83902 5669 part
tectum mesencephali
tectum of mesencephalon
62398 19595
segmentum tecti mesencephali
segment of tectum of mesencephalon
62404 11964
colliculus inferior
inferior colliculus
62403 12437
colliculus superior
superior colliculus
62393 5578 part
tegmentum mesencephali
tegmentum of mesencephalon
62399 19596
segmentum tegmenti mesencephali
segment of tegmentum of mesencephalon
7479 part
structura centralis mesencephali
central structure of mesencephalon
11866 part
isthmus rhombencephali
isthmus of rhombencephalon
61998 19592
segment of rhombencephalon
11865 part
rhombencephalon rostrale
rostral rhombencephalon ; rostral hindbrain
72244 5431 part
pons ; pars basilaris rhombencephali rostralis
pons ; basilar part of rostral rhombencephalon
11874 part
rhombencephalon caudale
caudal rhombencephalon ; caudal hindbrain
77700 6167 part
pars basalis telencephali proprii; prosencephalon basale
basal forebrain proper
61997 18331
segmentum mesencephali
segment of mesencephalon
62398 18332
segmentum tecti mesencephali
segment of tectum of mesencephalon
62403 5586 part
colliculus superior
superior colliculus
62404 5585 part
colliculus inferior
inferior colliculus
7647 5138 part
medulla spinalis
spinal cord
184 items
412 entities
Scientific notes
UID
Libelle of note
5263
The Diencephalon in its classic, columnar view was divided into four dorsoventrally arranged columns separated by ventricular sulci: the Epithalamus, the Dorsal thalamus, the Ventral thalamus and the Hypothalamus. Extensive embryological studies made it clear that the thalamic 'columns' are derived from transversely oriented zones, the Prosomeres (see TE). Currently, the (Caudal) Diencephalon is subdivided into three segmental units, which from caudal to rostral, contain in their alar domains the Pretectum (prosomere 1 or P1), the Epithalamus and the Thalamus (P2) and the Ventral thalamus or Prethalamus (P3). The diencephalic basal plate contains the rostral part of the Substantia nigra-VTA complex and some other nuclei, collectively forming the Diencephalic or Prerubral tegmentum between the Mesencephalon and the Hypothalamus. The entire Hypothalamus or Rostral diencephalon arises from the alar and basal components of the secondary prosencephalon. The Preoptic area is one of the subpallial developmental domains (Puelles L, Harrison M, Paxinos G, Watson C 2013 A developmental ontology for the mammalian brain based on the prosomeric model. Trends Neurosci 36:570-578).
5971
Some new items have been added from ten Donkelaar HJ, Tzourio-Mazoyer N, Mai JK (2018) Toward a common terminology for the gyri and sulci of the human cerebral cortex. Front Neuroanat 12:93.
5996
For subdivision of Broca’s area, see Amunts K, Schleicher A, Bürgel U, et al. (1999 Broca’s region revisited: Cytoarchitecture and intersubject variability. J Comp Neurol 412:319-341). The Sulcus diagonalis (of Eberstaller) is a variable branch of the Sulcus lateralis, dividing the Pars opercularis into two parts. The Sulcus radiatus (of Eberstaller) may indent the Pars triangularis from above.
6005
See note # 6006
6006
The Angular and supramarginal gyri form with the Parietal operculum the Lobulus parietalis inferior (Inferior parietal lobule or IPL). The Gyrus angularis (Angular gyrus; BA39) can be further subdivided (see Caspers S, Amunts K, Zilles K 2012 Posterior parietal cortex. In: Mai JK, Paxinos G, eds: The Human Nervous System, 3rd ed. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 1036-1035). The Operculum parietale (Parietal operculum) contains four cytoarchitectonic, functionally defined areas OP1-4 (see Eickhoff S, Schleicher A, Zilles K, Amunts K 2006a The human parietal operculum. I. Cytoarchitectonic mapping of subdivisions. Cereb Cortex 16:254-267; Eickhoff S, Amunts K, Mohlberg H, Zilles K 2006b Stereotaxic maps and correlation with functional imaginig results. Cereb Cortex 16:268-279). The Gyrus supramarginalis (Supramarginal gyrus; BA40) can be further subdivided (see Caspers et al. 2012).
6011
The Lobulus parietalis superior (Superior parietal lobule or SPL) can be divided into a Preparietal area (BA5 with subdivisions) and a Superior parietal area (BA7 with subdivisions; see Scheperjans F, Eickhoff SB, Mohlberg H, et al. 2008 Probabilistic maps, cytoarchitectonic morphometry, and variability of areas in human superior parietal cortex. Cereb Cortex 18:2141-2157).
6012
See note # 6006
6019
The Gyrus temporalis superior (Superior temporal gyrus; BA22) is not a homogeneous cortical area; it contains various cytoarchitectonically and functionally distinct cortical areas. Its Pars anterior (Anterior part or Belt area) forms the Secondary auditory cortex (BA42 or A2; see Morosan P, Rademacher J, Schleicher A, et al. 2001 Human primary auditory cortex: Cytoarchitecture, subdivisions and mapping into a spatial reference system. Neuroimage 13:684-701; Zilles and Amunts 2012). Its Pars posterior (Posterior part or Wernicke's area) is a loosely defined region which comprises the Posterior part of BA22 but also parts of the Inferior parietal lobule.
6021
The Dorsal part of the Gyrus temporalis superior contains three Sulci temporales transversi (Transverse temporal sulci): the Planum polare (Polar plane) is separated from the Transverse temporal gyri of Heschl by the Sulcus temporalis transversus anterior (Anterior transverse temporal sulcus), the Gyri temporales transversi (Transverse temporal gyri) are subdivided by the Sulcus temporalis transversus intermedius (Intermediate transverse temporal sulcus), and the Planum temporale (Temporal plane) is separated from the Posterior transverse temporal gyrus by the Sulcus temporalis transversus posterior (Posterior transverse temporal sulcus or Heschl's sulcus; see Duvernoy 1992).
6024
See note # 6021
6029
For the Inferomedial aspect of the Temporal lobe, usually the terms Gyrus temporalis inferior (T3), Gyrus fusiformis (T4) and Gyrus parahippocampalis (T5) are used, separated by the Occipitotemporal and the Collateral sulci.
6030
See note # 9188
6052
The following Gyri orbitales can be distinguished: 1) the Gyrus orbitalis medialis, the gyrus between the olfactory sulcus and the medial orbital sulcus; 2) the Gyrus orbitalis anterior, the cortex rostral to the transverse orbital sulcus; 3) the Gyrus orbitalis posterior, the cortex caudal to the transverse orbital sulcus; and 4) the Gyrus orbitalis lateralis, the gyrus lateral to the lateral orbital sulcus. The caudal parts of the medial and posterior orbital gyri merge to form the Lobulus orbitalis posteromedialis as described by Türe U, Yasargil DCH, Al-Mefti O, Yasargil MC (1999 Topographic anatomy of the insular region. J Neurosurg 90:720-733) and Naidich TP, Kang E, Fatterpekar GM, et al. (2004 The insula: Anatomic study and MR imaging display at 1.5T. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 25:222-232). Mai and Majtanik (2017 Human Brain in Standard MNI Space. Academic/Elsevier, San Diego) also described a Regio orbitalis posterolateralis.
6067
The Gyrus cingularis (Cingulate gyrus) can at least be divided into an Anterior, a Posterior and a Retrosplenial part. Vogt BA, Palomero-Gallagher N (2012 Cingulate cortex. In: Mai JK, Paxinos G, eds: The Human Nervous System, 3rd ed. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 943-987) added a Midcingulate cortex.
6069
See note # 8762
6071
The Uncus is treated in various ways: 1) as the rostral part of the Parahippocampal gyrus; 2) as a structure on its own. TNA suggests the latter. Insausti R and Amaral DG (2012 Hippocampal formation. In: Mai JK, Paxinos G, eds: The Human Nervous System, 3rd ed. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 896-942) advocated to restrict the term Uncus to the Gyrus uncinatus, the Band or limbus of Giacomini and the Gyrus intralimbicus (or Uncal apex). The Sulcus semianularis (Semi-anular sulcus) separates the Ambient and Semilunar sulci (see Duvernoy HM 1992, 1998 The Human Hippocampus, 2nd ed. Springer, Berlin-Heidelberg-New York). The Gyrus uncinatus is the most rostral part of Uncal bulge, according to Insausti and Amaral (2012) and part of field CA1. The Limbus fasciae dentatae (Band of dentate gyrus) is the Middle part of the Uncus, first described by Giacomini CH (1884 Fascia dentata du grand hippocampe dans le cerveau de l'homme. Arch Ital Biol 5:1-16, 205-209, 396-417) and part of the Dentate gyrus. The Gyrus intralimbicus (Intralimbic gyrus or Uncal apex) is the most caudal part of the Uncal bulge and part of field CA3.
6167
Under this Heading the structures presented in TA as Substantia basalis, Substantia innominata and Area septalis are grouped. Reichert's 'Substantia innominata' was for a long time a 'terra incognita' of the Basal forebrain. The extensive studies by Heimer and colleagues (Heimer L, Harlan RE, Alheid GF, et al. 1997 Substantia innominata: A notion which impedes clinico-anatomical correlations in neuropsychiatric disorders. Neuroscience 76:957-1006; Heimer et al. 1999; Sakamoto et al. 1999) make the term SI more or less superfluous.
8666
Usually, the Sulcus centralis does not reach the Sulcus lateralis and is separated from it by a short gyrus, the Gyrus subcentralis, which is formed by the 'fusion' of the Precentral and Postcentral gyri in their ventralmost parts. The Subcentral gyrus is delimited in front and behind by the Anterior and Posterior subcentral sulci (Dejerine 1895; Duvernoy 1992; Petrides and Pandya 2012). Also known as: Central or Rolandic operculum, and Inferior frontoparietal 'pli de passage'.
8675
See note # 6052
8676
See note # 6052
8677
See note # 6052
8678
See note # 6052
8706
See note # 6019
8708
See note # 6019
8724
Field CA4 appears to correspond most closely to the polymorph zone of the Dentate gyrus, and, therefore, is not a field of the Hippocampus at all. Amaral and Insausti (Amaral DG, Insausti R 1990 Hippocampal formation. In: Paxinos G, ed: The Human Nervous System. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, pp 711-755) suggested the term 'CA3h' for the pyramidal cells within the hilus ('h'), continuous with CA3.
8734
See note # 6071
8736
See note # 6071
8737
See note # 6071
8738
See note # 6071
8739
In the French literature, for the Inner ring of the Limbic lobe the term Gyrus intralimbicus is used. In the German literature, however, this term is used for the Uncal apex.
8757
See note # 8762
12159
See note # 12158
12160
See note # 6052
12161
See note # 6052
Signature
Type of list T3F
List Unit Identifier 19587
Sublist 1 5973 gyrus cerebri 214/81 on 18.11.2018
Sublist 2 5974 lobus cerebri 18/7 on 3.1.2025
Sublist 3 11525 segmentum gyri cerebri 96/45 on 3.5.2025
Sublist 4 19589 segmentum principalis encephali 3/4 on 21.6.2024
Sublist 5 19591 segmentum mesencephali 7/8 on 3.5.2025
Sublist 6 19592 segmentum rhombencephali 3/4 on 21.6.2024
Subtotals subchildren 341 subunits 149
Proper children 70
Number of children 411 (validated)
Proper units 35
Number of units 184 (validated)
Signature 10842 (validated since 3.5.2025)
Date: 06.05.2025